Thursday, 21 December 2023

Review: "World's Scariest Hauntings"

Matt Blyth (Dir.), “World’s Scariest Hauntings”, Woodcut Media, UK, 2018-19.

There are a bunch of these kinds of shows out there in the world and some of them are truly horrible. Watching several of them in recent weeks I’ve started to discern that, where the ‘recreations’ of events, by actors dressed shabbily as ghostly beings, outweighs the discussions of history or potential supernatural incursions, then the show is particularly on the nose. I’ve chosen this particular one to feature because the production values are pretty high and watching it doesn’t incline one’s eyeballs to start bleeding: it’s on the ‘good’ end of the spectrum in terms of production but it’s hardly representative. It also displays a curious ethos which – quite apart from issues of ghosts and other phenomena – makes for fairly compelling viewing.

The formula for these shows is predictable: a location is highlighted; its background is laid out, with emphasis on evil deeds of days gone by; and reports of modern-day encounters with supernatural events are discussed. Because this is television, and the need for ad breaks is a necessary (non-spooky) evil, actors in ghost-drag pop up repeatedly to bookend chapters and to remind viewers to keep up. In between there are conversations with people who have ‘seen’ ghostly manifestations or with those who hope to see something strange. As I said, in the worst of these shows, the actors take up a large percentage of the run-time, along with tedious stretches wherein paranormal experts and ‘psychics’, lit by weird green or white lights, deliver jump scares, or talk to the air in quavering tones. If the shows were just tours and recreations – a bit of history with a smattering of dressing up – I would be happy; but it’s these so-called ‘paranormal experts’ who really give me the irrits.

This is perhaps the point where I part ways with many folk who enjoy this kind of programming. I don’t care how people make their livelihoods but, as long as they do it honestly, that’s fine with me. I have a tripwire sense of when someone is play-acting in order to convince me of something bogus, and every time I see one of these ‘experts’ at work, my bullshit senses start to tingle. In this particular show there are a handful of commentators that show up to pass judgement on reported events and they exhibit varying levels of smooth competence in an attempt to reassure people that there are rules which govern the Afterlife and to imply that they are past masters in dealing with them. In fact, they all spout the ‘rules’ that govern Patrick Swayze’s spectral re-emergence in the movie “Ghost”, adding here and there a bunch of urban mythology cobbled together from issues of Fortean Times. Let’s meet them…

The two most egregious talking heads in “World’s Scariest Hauntings” are Barri Ghai and Becca Bratek. In every episode they earnestly deliver deadpan screeds of how ghosts think, feel, act and react, telling us that the dead struggle to interact with the Real World, that they generate energy in order to manifest and that they long for times and modes of being which have passed them by. Every time they show up, I’m left wondering how do they know this stuff? Scientifically, no-one has ever recorded the ‘energy’ of which they speak, and yet they gleefully talk about ‘orbs’ as precursor wind-ups to ‘full-body manifestations’, accumulating power while waiting to pop out and say “boo!”. They break down encounters into sentient manifestations, or poltergeists, or ‘echoes’, and each of these categories has a delineated form and function, which these learned individuals tick off to show us the extent of their wisdom. The juggling of all this folklore gets presented in a pretty slick fashion, only undercut by Barri’s inability to properly conjugate the word ‘phenomenon’.

The essential issue that I have with all of their earnest pontificating is that there is no way to verify that what they’re spouting is true. How do we know that ghosts are there? If they are there, how do we know – definitively - what they are feeling? Or how they would be inclined to react to someone lobbing questions at them from a darkened room? It’s all their word against ours and Becca, especially, deals out her lines with an aggressive ‘go ahead: tell me I’m lying’ attitude. At base, there is no way to shut down these ‘experts’ because there’s no way to definitively quantify the rubbish that they’re talking about. Other than using Occam’s Razor and a good deal of common sense, obviously. Until then, the producers aren’t about to let pesky facts get in the way of a good story.

Another commentator is Jolene Lockwood. She delivers all of the same slick patter that her colleagues espouse but in a smug fashion, dropping references to her own experiences, that makes her delivery seem somewhat indulgent and preening. On top of everything else, she particularly adheres to a crazy theory that goes by the name of “stone-taping”. This is a phenomenon (Barri!) whereby it is deemed possible that sounds and other environmental elements become imprinted on the fabric of a location – the walls, plasterwork, furnishings, etc. Now, there are some very interesting studies that have been done on ancient pottery, whereby lasers have been able to reproduce ancient ambient noise imprinted on wet clay as it was being formed in much the same fashion that vinyl grooves on records can be made to elicit sound, but this is not that. This is a clear case where, given a certain fact, it has been stretched to encompass a range of phenomena (Barri!) that simply aren’t part of the brief. “Stone-taping” is based upon some fascinating research, onto which it has eagerly glommed, but it doesn’t work, and cannot work in the way these ‘experts’ want it to, and it ultimately cheapens the efforts of the original researchers.

Another tool that these ghost hunters espouse is a thing called EVP or “Electronic Voice Phenomena”. This is a process whereby a tape recorder or similar device, digital or analogue, is used to record ambient noise. This environmental soundscape is then picked through, augmented, and analysed for snippets of sound that seem to replicate human speech. In a few cases, the ‘speech’ seems fairly clear and occasionally pertinent to the situation under which it was recorded; in other cases, it’s just noise soup. Still, our bevy of experts get wildly excited. It’s at this point I think of the term ‘pareidolia’ and several other terms which are used to define the ability of the human mind to find patterns in random background mess and confer meaning upon these discovered shapes. This can be done with audio information as well as visual noise and the minute examination of blurry photographic imagery often elicits the presence of semi- or quasi-human shapes for our breathless investigators. But do any of these experts use the term ‘pareidolia’, or ‘apophenia’? Do they discuss Charles Fort’s infatuation with simulacra? No they don’t, and it’s particularly remiss of them.

The fourth talking head that the program presents us with is a soft-spoken chap in a jumper named Richard McLean Smith who runs a ghost-busting podcast. Of the quartet, he is the only one who maintains an equivocal stance, allowing for the possibility that the “ghosts” might not in fact be real. Where his colleagues say ‘oh, this is obviously a case of blah, blah, blah…’, he usually takes a less emphatic stance: ‘it’s possible that this is an instance of…’, ‘this may well be a case of…’, and so on. This unwillingness to pin things down with certainty is a breath of fresh air in contrast to the others; still, he’s an advocate of the “stone tape” theory, so there’s that…

Quite apart from the fact that the lore governing paranormal investigators is mostly derived from pop culture sources like “Ghost”, it has been allowed to grow and fester, becoming a body of ‘knowledge’ built upon the most flimsy of premises, underscored by a fervid willingness to believe and to make bank. It’s a case of Velikovskian construction which melts whenever too great a focus is brought to bear upon it. And the fact that all of our commentators are busy making a living from this pixie dust, lends the entire process a grubby and self-interested aspect.

I said at the start that there was a curious ethos surrounding this stuff. It partakes of this accumulated pop-cultural lore and adds to it a high degree of salesmanship and self-delusion. It’s fascinating to watch what these experts come out with – whether it’s trying to convince us that an electronic garble is someone telling us to “Get Out!” (a la “Amityville Horror”) or that a lens glitch on an inexpertly utilised camera is anything other than a unfocussed moth flitting by – and to see how they sell it. In some of these types of shows the carny atmosphere is quite elevated and you’d be expecting these guys to have day jobs in used car lots; in others, the patter is smooth as silk and you’d never feel these guys delving into your pocket for your wallet. In essence, these operators are all stage magicians, but ones who work in a very narrow field of genre expectation. In the end it’s all just misdirection and suggestion. For the roleplayers amongst you, it’s a handy way to research and set up an occult detection narrative in your games, but don’t, for a second, buy into what they’re selling.

In the final analysis, enjoy these offerings for what they are – spooky storytelling; but take them with a grain of salt. And don’t let them sell you any bridges…!

Thursday, 28 September 2023

"Intersect" Review

 

Gus HOLWERDA (Dir.), Intersect, Black Chalk/Shirley Films, USA, 2020.

If anyone out there is listening (and can be bothered at all with my two cents’ worth) making a movie of cosmic horror is not accomplished by doing this:

Messing up the chronology and making the substance of the film incomprehensible does not make a cosmic horror film; it just makes a mess. As an example, I offer this case in point.

Where to start with this? It’s a complete dogs’ breakfast and the acting can only be described as sub-par. The plot has been cut up and spliced together in reverse order for – reasons – and it absolutely does not add anything to the narrative at all. A majority of this film, as a result, is spent examining the childhood eras of the three main characters, explaining how they came to be the adults that they are. Listen: if I was at all interested in kids who grow up to fight monsters, I’d watch “It”; but for all of that vehicle’s woes and errors, this movie isn’t even that good. Examining the kids’ histories only required us to learn that one of them could see strange creatures, interlopers from another dimension, wandering through the Real World – that’s it. But it comes packaged in a plethora of other extraneous details that – I think – were supposed to make the adult forms of these people somehow more endearing and understandable. It did not. Instead, it was an indulgent waste of film stock, trying to bludgeon us with information that 1) was not necessary to the tale, 2) didn’t need to be dwelt upon at length, and 3) could have been dispensed to the audience without taking this tedious and bizarre detour.

A lot of movie makers these days seem to think that busting the chronology makes their movie ‘edgy’ and ‘cool’; well, I’m here to tell you that it doesn’t. Not everyone can make “Primer”; hell, not everyone can make “The Prisoner of Azkaban”. The sooner all these directors and writers figure this out, the better it will be for everyone. Yes, this film is about a trio of scientists messing about with the flow of time, but the Beat Generation hack-job that was done on the script does absolutely nothing to underscore, stress, or reinforce any of the things that these guys are doing.

Next, there’s the gibberish. In a horror movie where there’s a bunch of ‘science-y-stuff’ the chief concern of those involved in its production should be that 1) it’s consistent and that 2) it makes, at the very least, some kind of sense. Otherwise, the audience will detect flaws in the movie’s logic structures and those watching who are actually scientists will be rolling their eyes and looking to the exits. WTF is “tachyon syncopation”? Is mad science just some kind of cosmic jazz? Please.

At the start of this film – I say start but since everything is going backwards it’s hard to know – we’re told that magnetic radiation affects things going into the Boffins’ time portal. Later we see them stick all kinds of metal things in the portal without a hitch. In fact, we see them send a glass jar with a metal lid, full of glass cat’s eye marbles, through the portal as their first attempt. Obviously, when they said “magnetism” they meant something else, or maybe magnetic forces are just capriciously selective in how they choose to operate. I thought I heard marbles rolling throughout this film; it was actually the eyes of all the people watching it.

There’s an inevitable ‘Our Boffins Meet with the Press at a Sumptuous Gala’ sequence where a canny Journalist asks pointed questions. Other directors would use this opportunity to conveniently explain something of the plot to the viewers but not Mr Holwerda: bizarrely, the scientist with what passes in this film for ‘social skills’, drags the Journo away and - we assume - explains things offstage. Eyes rolling once more.

I never like to criticise a film because of its low budget, and it’s clear that this thing was made on a shoestring. A clever production crew under the lead of a director who sees problems as opportunities for creative thinking, makes the most of these moments. Not here. There’s a graveyard scene in this film that the director insisted on filming during a rainstorm. Now, a ‘Graveyard in the Rain’ sequence wherein characters express regret and a decision to move forward despite setbacks, is about as cliched as it comes, and it wasn’t necessary here, especially as all the blue sky in the background, outside of the scope of the overhead sprinklers, just made the scene a joke. In many other instances like this, including the ‘Talk to the Press’ moment mentioned above, “Intersect” reaches for the hackneyed plot element - the tired trope – thinking that it has to include these things, and it suffers as a result.

Bottom line, this is dull fare, hoping that, because the school campus is dressed up with signs that say “Miskatonic University”, the fans will squeal with delight and attend en masse. The bad acting, cameos by Richard Dawkins and Lawrence Krauss (eww!), and clunky effects can’t hide the fact that this is an unoriginal narrative trying to be way too clever by using the equipment from William Burroughs’ toolkit. I’d recommend that you throw your energies earnestly into time-travel research because this is two hours of your life that you won’t be able to get back.

One-and-a-half Tentacled Horrors from me.

Monday, 28 August 2023

Hell, Bound: C

 

On to the next letter of this alphabet. There are a range of things on offer here, with many Yidhran texts and the four books which comprise the publishing history of the Cthaat Aquadingen, along with spells and other delectable items.

These nightmares are brought to you by the letter “C”…

*****

The Cabala of Saboth

“It was he who initiated me into the mysteries and arcana to be found amid the shuddery speculations of such blasphemies as the Necronomicon, the Book of Eibon, the Cabala of Saboth, and that pinnacle of literary madness, Ludvig Prinn's Mysteries of the Worm. There were grim treatises on anthropomancy, necrology, lycanthropical and vampiristic spells and charms, witchcraft, and long, rambling screeds in Arabic, Sanskrit and prehistoric ideography, on which lay the dust of centuries.”

A book about which there is little known and much speculated upon. It seems to have manifested around 100 BC and appears to have been a work of divine inspiration, one that was transmitted directly to the author(s) by mystical means in order to be set down, much like the Book of Mormon or the works of Joachim Feery. It seems to parallel works of Jewish mysticism and discusses many angelological themes, however, whether the material is actually divine or diabolical, is mostly unknown. A translation into Greek was made around 1686 and another version in Yiddish has been anecdotally cited – whether this version actually exists or not is yet to be determined.

(Source: "The Secret in the Tomb" by Robert Bloch)

Greek; Unknown; 1686; 1d3/1d6 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +3 percentiles; 16 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: 1d4 of the following - Augur; Baneful Dust of Hermes Trismegistus; Bind Enemy; Cast Out Devil; Create Bad-Corpse Dust; Curse of Darkness; Detect Enchantment; Dust of Suleiman; Find Gate; Identify Spirit; Imprison Mind; Powder of ibn-Ghazi; Unmask Demon; View Gate; Voorish Sign; Warding; Warding the Eye

*****

The Chhaya Ritual

“...He had read the Chhaya Ritual, and in his letters ... had hinted at the real meanings behind the veiled hints and warnings in that half-legendary manuscript.”

A deeply esoteric and confronting work which proves challenging for even the most knowledgeable occultists. The ‘chhaya’ refers, apparently, to the astral, or psychic ‘shadow’ which must be overcome before the adept comes into the fullness of his power; an alternative reading of the term suggests that the chhaya is a malevolent, vaguely-formed nemesis which can seek out a sloppy metaphysical practitioner. As such, the work is deemed hugely disturbing on a personal level and must not be approached lightly by the investigator.

Thankfully, copies of this book are extremely rare: one copy is known to exist in the Buddhist libraries of Lhasa in Tibet, while a partial copy exists in a yogic lamasery in Rangoon, Burma. To date all Western commentators on this work have been killed under strange circumstances, lending credence to a legend that the work is ‘haunted’.

(Source: Hydra by Henry Kuttner)

Tibetan (Lhasa/Ü-Tsang dialect), written in the Devanagari script; author unknown; date unknown; 1d8/2d8 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +12 percentiles; 60 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: “Call forth the Chhaya!” (Summon Dimensional Shambler); “The Rite of Preparation” (Voorish Sign); “A Ward Against Evil” (Pnakotic Pentagram); “Shed the Soul’s Impurities” (Undo Reversion); “The Lock of Nine Hells” (Elder Sign)

NB: Every week that a reader peruses this work, there is a percentage chance equal to their POW that a Dimensional Shambler will appear and attack them.

Partial copy: Tibetan (Lhasa/Ü-Tsang dialect), written in the Devanagari script; author unknown; date unknown; 1d4/1d6 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +9 percentiles; 40 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: as above, but roll under the reader’s Luck to see if the spells are complete

NB: Every month that a reader peruses the work, there is a percentage chance equal to their POW that a Dimensional Shambler will appear and attack them.

English translation; various authors; various dates; 1d2/1d4 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +5 percentiles; 30 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: 20% chance per spell of any of the above spells being included in the translation

NB: Every time an individual reads this work, there is a 2% percent cumulative chance that a Dimensional Shambler will appear and attack them.

*****

Pnakotic Pentagram

A warding sigil said to be efficacious in avoiding detection by outside entities during the use of the Liao Drug. The spell derives from Ludwig Prinn via his De Vermis Mysteriis, however the original source is most likely the Pnakotic Manuscripts. Prinn’s experiences with Liao took place along the Silk Road and his meetings with Saracens there; they most likely imparted knowledge of this spell to him at the same time.

Like the Elder Sign, this device is not effective until it is enchanted, a process which imbues it with Magic Points. Up to 5 Magic Points can be instilled into the image each day: every day that the spell is worked, the conjuror must make a Luck Roll to ensure that their concentration is not upset. If it is, the conjuror must immediately make another Luck Roll: if successful, the ‘Pentagram loses only half its current Magic Points (round down) - rather than all of them – and cannot be further enhanced.

When used in conjunction with the Liao Drug, use the standard rules to see if the attention of some temporal entity is attracted; if so, compare the POW of the attracted entity against the Magic Points in the Pnakotic Pentagram on the Resistance Table: if the ‘Pentagram is successful, the creature is unable to gain a ‘lock’ on the Liao user and will halt its pursuit. As a guide, the average Hound of Tindalos has a POW of 25. As an unfortunate side effect of this, the enchanter will know that they have narrowly avoided contact and will lose 1/1d6 points of Sanity.

*****

The Chronicles of Thrang

“Yidhra devoured the octopus and learned to put forth a tentacle; She devoured the bear and learned to clothe herself in fur against the creeping ice of the north; indeed can Yidhra take any shape known to living things.

Yet no shape can She take which is truly fair, for She partakes of all foul creatures as well as fair. To her followers She appears in many fair and comely forms, but this is because they see not her true form, but only such visions as She wills them to see.

For as the adepts can send their thoughts and visions to one another over great distances ... so can Yidhra send her thoughts to men and cause them to see only what She wills.

Indeed it is by sending her thoughts that Yidhra remains in one soul, for in body She is many, hidden in the jungles of the south, the icy wastes of the north, and the deserts beyond the western sea.

Thus it is that though her temples are many, She waits by all, combining bodily with her diverse followers, yet her consciousness is a vast unity.”

The Chronicles have not been seen in recorded history; however, they are mentioned in several ancient – and not so ancient – texts so, on this basis, their existence must be assumed to be real. No actual authentic copies have been verified and certainly no recorded copy is known to be held by any reputable library. It is said that the Chronicles were written before the accepted start of human history and that they were later amended in the land of Ngarathoë before being transcribed into the Sumerian idiom.

Several authenticated copies of the Yidhrani have quoted extensively from this work and that is mainly how the work is known to have existed: one copy dating from Cairo in the 1860s filled nineteen pages with the Sumerian cuneiform script, photographs of which are held in the British Museum; the original was destroyed in a fire later on. Another instance of the Yidhrani, known from associated correspondence to have incorporated quotes from the Chronicle, went down with the Titanic in 1912. All of these speculative copies have been said to discuss the nature of Mlandoth and especially Yidhra, but exactly in what fashion is currently unknown. The existence of the Chronicles is said to be discussed in Chthonic Revelations (q.v.) and is mentioned in the German work, Uralte Schrecken.

(Source: Where Yidhra Walks by Walter C. DeBill)

Sumerian, written in cuneiform; ‘Thrang’; late 6th millennium BC; 1d4/1d8 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +10 percentiles; 40 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Contact Yidhra; Summon Avatar of Yidhra; Reversion

Sumerian, 19 pages of photographed cuneiform text; Author unknown; Cairo, 1860s; 1d2/1d3 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +4 percentiles; 10 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Contact Yidhra

*****

Yidhran Spells:

Unlike many other Mythos spells, those associated with the Outer God Yidhra operate in a highly idiosyncratic fashion. For the most part, casting a Yidhran spell is an instinctive impulse, usually guided by evocative writings and deriving from the desire of the caster to enact the will of their deity. Casting one of these spells can be merely a subconscious effort: the crucial factor in the casting is that the caster is aware of Yidhra, has a level of understanding concerning its nature and motivations, and that there be a significant manifestation of the Outer God in the immediate vicinity of the caster. This may be a gathering of her followers, the presence of an image of the God, one or more of its artefacts, or a sacred space dedicated to its worship. The spells have a cost in terms of Magic Points, POW and SAN; however, generally speaking, if the caster has insufficient points to spend, the spell does not take place.

Contact Yidhra

In an appropriate location (one that exhibits a manifestation of Yidhra in some form), the caster calls upon the Outer God with a sense of determination and desire. Eight of the caster’s Magic Points are expended in this process. Thereafter, the caster receives telepathic communication with the Outer God and begins to know its will. During the Contact the caster must remain still and concentrating; if they are attacked, roughly shaken, or otherwise forcefully distracted, the Contact will be severed, and no further attempt can take place until the caster has enjoyed a period of sleep of at least four hours.

At the end of the Contact, the caster loses 1/1D6 points of SAN.

Summon Avatar of Yidhra

This is deadly and dangerous spell.

There are no exact ritual components to this magic; rather it is enough simply call upon the Outer God intentionally with an appropriate degree of devotion and enthusiasm. For this reason, such ritual objects as the Yidhrani and the Mask of the Avatar contain the Summoning forces within their very substance, and casting this spell may be the unknowing action of an oblivious user.

A basic requirement of this spell is that there be a quantity of raw material present which the Avatar can use to manifest itself. This material must be living. Needless to say, the Avatar will destroy and re-combine the caster if there is insufficient raw stuff nearby for it to create an alternative vessel.

Nominally, the spell costs 15 MPs and causes a 1D8/1D12 Sanity loss.

Reversion

“...Damn him, whispering even as it is that I’m a sort of monster bound down the toboggan of reverse evolution...”

-H. P. Lovecraft, Pickman’s Model

This spell causes an entity to degenerate, from mammal, to reptile, to amphibian, to icthyoid, to arthropod, depending on the spell’s effect. The spell requires the sacrifice of 1 POW and a piece of Yidhra’s genetic material, from whatever avatar it is currently possessing. This substance must be smeared upon a knife or similar weapon and then used to attack the target. Once infected, the target must resist the effect of the spell with their CON on the Resistance Table. The spell has a base 18% chance of working plus 1% for every Magic Point used to power the spell. The spell exhausts all of the caster’s available Magic Points

If the target fails, determine the degree of failure and calculate the extent of Reversion according to the following list (NB: the effects are non-cumulative):

Degree of Failure: 01-05%

Effect: The mind of the victim regresses to that of an infant: language, INT, EDU and social skills are all reduced to 1d10% and Physical skills are reduced by 50% to a minimum of 1%

Degree of Failure: 06-10%

Effect: The victim regresses to a ‘Cave Man’-like state: all physical Combat skills – Head Butt, Kick, Punch, Grapple – are at +20%; all EDU or INT based skills are reduced to 1d10%; STR, CON and DEX are all increased by 5; INT, EDU and APP are reduced to minimum: 8, 6 and 3; SIZ is increased by 1d6; POW and SAN remain the same

Degree of Failure: 11-20%

Effect: The victim has regressed to a vaguely humanoid mammalian state: STR increases by 3d6; CON and DEX by 6 points; SIZ increases by 1d4+1; INT, EDU and APP are reduced to minimum: 8, 6 and 3 respectively; POW and SAN remain the same. The victim becomes furry and displays a variety of mammalian features alien to human physiology: fangs, claws, hoofs, etc. The following attack modes come into play: Bite 30% (1d8+db); Claw 50% (1d4+db); Horn Gore 30% (1d8+db); Kick 05% (1d8+db). The victim also enjoys 2 points of Armour from a combination of altered musculature and hide. All human skills are lost.

Degree of Failure: 21-30%

Effect: The victim regresses even further, beginning to express reptilian features: STR increases by 3d6; CON by 6 points; DEX increases by 2d6; SIZ increases by 1d4+1; INT, EDU and APP are reduced to minimum: 8, 6 and 3 respectively; POW and SAN remain the same. The following attack modes come into play: Bite 35% (1d8+Poison – POT equals CON); Claw 50% (1d6+db); Extreme forms are also able to Crush 40% (1d6+db/round). The victim also enjoys 2 points of Armour from scaly hide. All human skills are lost.

Degree of Failure: 31-40%

Effect: The victim has now regressed to an amphibian state: STR increases by 2d6; CON by 4 points; DEX increases by 3d6; SIZ decreases by 1d4+1; INT, EDU and APP are reduced to minimum: 8, 6 and 3 respectively; POW and SAN remain the same. The following attack modes come into play: Bite 35% (1d8+db); Claw 50% (1d6+db); Extreme forms are also able to Swallow (40%; 1d6/round) any human-sized or smaller object they successfully Grapple. They are also able to Hide 60%, Dodge at DEXx5% and Jump at 60% The victim also enjoys 1 point of Armour from leathery hide. All human skills are lost.

Degree of Failure: 41-50%

Effect: The victim becomes grotesquely fish-like: STR increases by 3d6; CON by 6 points; DEX increases by 2d6; SIZ increases by 1d4+1; INT, EDU and APP are reduced to minimum: 8, 6 and 3 respectively; POW and SAN remain the same. The following attack modes come into play: Bite 35% (1d8+db); Claw 50% (1d6+db); Extreme forms are also able to Swallow (40%; 1d6/round) any human-sized or smaller object they successfully Grapple. They are also able to Dodge at DEXx4%, Swim at 75% and Jump at 55%. The victim also enjoys 2 points of Armour from scaly hide. All human skills are lost.

Degree of Failure: 51-60%

Effect: The victim is now more arthropod than human, sprouting extra limbs, wings and an exoskeleton: STR increases by 2d6; CON by 6 points; DEX increases by 3d6; SIZ decreases by 1d4+1; INT, EDU and APP are reduced to minimum: 8, 6 and 3 respectively; POW and SAN remain the same. The following attack modes come into play: Nippers 30% (1d8+Grapple); Bite 35% (1d6); Extreme forms are also able to Sting 50% (1d4+Poison – POT=CON); They are also able to Dodge at DEXx5%, Fly with a Move of 9 and Jump at 75%. The victim also enjoys 3 points of Armour from chitin. All human skills are lost.

Degree of Failure: 61%+

Effect: The victim deliquesces into a twitching protoplasmic puddle which emits a reactive phosphorescent glow if disturbed. Contact with this substance has a mildly corrosive effect on unprotected skin causing 1 point of damage per round of contact. For all intents and purposes, the victim is dead.

The actual appearance of the victim is largely up to the Keeper, keeping in mind of course that the more dramatic the failure the more extreme the expression. The full transformation takes about 10 minutes. A victim struck by two or more instances of this magic may blend several regressive states in one transformation.

The Yidhran substance required by the spell breaks down quickly after casting, so the attacker has only 1d2 attempts at successfully striking their intended target. Once the effect (if any) has been determined, the victim must make a Luck Roll: If successful, the effect is not permanent and will reverse itself in CON-1d6 days; if unsuccessful, the Investigator is stuck in their new form forever.

Anyone witnessing the transformation loses 1d2/1d6 SAN points; the victim, meanwhile, loses 1d6/1d10 points of Sanity.

*****

Chronike von Nath

The Chronike von Nath (“Chronicles of Nath”) is a work written by a German mystic named Rudolf Yergler and published in 1653. Soon after publishing, Yergler went blind, and those who came to his assistance soon discovered the Chronike; he was institutionalised by the German authorities soon afterwards. They began a rigorous campaign to suppress the book during which, Yergler died mysteriously in his Berlin asylum.

The book describes a world or other dimension named Nath which is illuminated by the light of three suns. Yergler talks about a black entity, or force, which appeared and threatened Nath but which was driven back by a priest named Ka-Nefer during the “year of the Black Goat”. It discusses various star-spawned entitles and the means whereby they can be summoned and dismissed, using various musical passages contained within the book. There is also an extensive interpretation of Hermetic alchemical theory, which is rather at variance with the standard canon, and a short idiosyncratic biography of Hermes Trismegistus.

(Source: “The Tree on the Hill” by H. P. Lovecraft & Duane W. Rimel)

German; Rudolf Yergler; 1653; Sanity Loss: 1d4/1d8 ; Cthulhu Mythos +6 percentiles; average 22 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Summon Star Vampire; Call Hunting Horror; Summon Byakhee

The Chronicles of Nath

“So in the year of the Black Goat there came onto Nath a shadow that should not be on the Earth, and that had no form known to the eyes of the Earth. And it fed on the souls of men; they that it gnawed being lured and blinded with dreams till the horror and the endless night lay upon them. Nor did they see that which gnawed them, for the shadow took false shapes that men know or dream of, and only freedom seemed waiting in the Land of Three Suns.”

-James Sheffield, Chronicles of Nath

In 1781, Englishman James Sheffield published a translation of Yergler’s work from a copy which had been smuggled to the British Isles. Sheffield was a student of Hermetic lore and had issued translations of other works from the Corpus Hermetica during his studies. In the course of translating the book, Sheffield attempted to bring the material back in line with accepted Hermetical and alchemical theory; as a result the work’s efficacy as a Mythos tome must be considered largely suspect.

English; James Sheffield, trans.; 1781; Sanity Loss: 1d2/1d4 ; Cthulhu Mythos +3 percentiles; average 4 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Several; but none that work…

*****

Chthonic Revelations

The original text for this work is unnamed. The translation from the original fragments is the work of a Jesuit priest who used the title ‘Révélations hors de l'Abîme’ for his work. Despite the original print run of the text having been proscribed, hunted down and burnt where possible by agents of the Catholic Church, the original fragments are said to be housed within the Vatican.

The few remaining copies which survived the ban by the Catholics are heavily guarded; nevertheless, the British Library copy was stolen in the 1930s; the Bibliotheque Nationale copy in Paris was burnt (along with a wing of religious texts) in 1890; a copy purchased at auction in 1918 in New York by Miskatonic University was stolen from the body of the bidding agent en route to its new habitation. The only other copies – three known in total – are in private collections. While it is possible that the Revelations are simply another incarnation of the Yidhrani, this cannot be fully determined until the original fragments have been brought into the light. The text is also rumoured to reference the Chronicles of Thrang (q.v.) in its discussion.

(Source: “Where Yidhra Walks” by Walter C. DeBill,)

Laotian; Original fragments on mulberry paper; Thanang Phram; 700 AD; 1d4/1d8 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +7 percentiles; 18 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Contact Yidhra; Summon Avatar of Yidhra; Reversion

French; Révélations hors de l'Abîme; translator: Pere Etienne Alleau; 1798; 1d4/1d6 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +5 percentiles; 10 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Contact Yidhra; Summon Avatar of Yidhra; Reversion

English; Chthonic Revelations; translator and date unknown; 1d3/1d4 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +3 percentiles; 6 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Contact Yidhra; Summon Avatar of Yidhra; Reversion

*****

Codex Dagonensis

“Dagon his name, sea-monster, upward man

And downward fish; yet had his temple high

Reared in Azotus, dreaded through the coast

Of Palestine, in Gath and Ascalon,

And Accaron and Gaza's frontier bounds...”

-John Milton, Paradise Lost: Book I

This work is one of four volumes which appeared in northern Germany around the year 400 AD. The four books are the Codex Dagonensis, the Codex Maleficium, the Codex Spitalski (also known as The Leprous Book) and the Cthaat Aquadingen. Each of these titles shows distinct congruencies in the nature and layout of the material that they present and it is thought that all of them were prepared and written by the same author, or by a group of authors working from a single source. Each, however, has had its own unique ride through history.

As with many books of this nature, the titles are arbitrary and are usually derived from their content or the nature of their discovery: the Codex Dagonensis is known as such due its extended discourse upon Deep Ones and their religious practices, especially relating to the entity Dagon. It may be that each of the four books represents an attempt to produce a single volume of lore prepared at four different locations and occasions; given the strangeness of the name Cthaat Aquadingen, it’s possible that this title was meant to cover all of this material. Subsequent events – including editing, additions, and re-workings of the material - have meant that the reintegration of all this matter under that heading is no longer possible.

The Codex Dagonensis concerns itself mainly with the nature, society and worship of the Deep Ones. Obed Marsh of Innsmouth, Massachusetts, possessed a copy of this work and used it to help create the form of worship of his Esoteric Order of Dagon: copies of the book were made and the material amended to adhere more closely to the rituals of that Order, which themselves derived mainly from the Ponape Scriptures and other related sources. After the forced disbanding of the sect in Innsmouth in 1928, Marsh’s original copy of the Codex and several of the translated versions were presented to the Library at Miskatonic University, where members of the Order still consult them from time to time.

Apart from the Deep One information, the Codex Dagonensis also contains the Nyhargo Dirge (for destroying zombies and other corporeal undead creatures); several magical protections to thwart summonings; information about the Elder Sign; a series of rituals concerned with the Great Old One, Tsathoggua; as well as the Third and Eighth Sathlattae: the Third Sathlatta protects against Bugg Shash - the Devourer - when chanted at midnight; however, such protection only lasts until such time as the subject’s death. It is not known what the Eighth Sathlatta does.

(Source: The Cyprus Shell” by Brian Lumley,)

Latin; Author(s) unknown; circa. 400 AD; 1D8/1d12 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +10 percentiles; 22 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Alter Weather; Breath of the Deep; Call/Dismiss Dagon; Call/Dismiss Mother Hydra; Consume Likeness; Contact Deep One; Contact Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; Contact Deity: Cthulhu; Contact Deity: Tsathoggua; Create Gate; Elder Sign; Grasp of Cthulhu; Nyhargo Dirge; Raise Night Fog; Summon/Bind Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; The Third Sathlatta (Banish Bugg-Shash)

The Teachings of the Esoteric Order of Dagon

This is a work which seeks to ease the transition of those affected with the so-called ‘Innsmouth Look’. It is a clear manual outlining the nature of the Deep Ones, their connexions to humanity and to the denizens of the deep. It outlines the whereabouts of Deep One colonies and helps in the identification of others who are undergoing the change. As well, it contains many prayers to Cthulhu, Father Dagon, and Mother Hydra and discusses with some perspicacity the nature of these entities.

An early edition of this work dating from Elizabethan times is kept in the British Library; another version published in the early 1800s resides in the Miskatonic University Library collection. Yet another version in Spanish has been identified in the Library of the University of Toledo.

(Source: Unseen Masters” by Bruce Ballon, et.al.,)

Elizabethan English; Author unknown; 16th Century; 1/1d3 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +2 percentiles; 1 week to study and comprehend

Spells: Contact Deep One; plus a 40% chance of one of the following: Alter Weather; Attract Fish; Bless/Blight Crops

English; Author unknown; early 19th Century; 1/1d3 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +2 percentiles; 1 week to study and comprehend

Spells: Contact Deep One

Spanish; Author unknown; 1902; 1/1d3 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +2 percentiles; 1 week to study and comprehend

Spells: Alter Weather; Contact Deep One

Invocations to Dagon

A passing reference in a news journal dated 1851 is the earliest sighting of this work, although the likelihood is that it is much older. The Invocations were never published; they were written by Asaph Waite and circulated amongst the adherents of the Esoteric Order of Dagon in the town of Innsmouth. After the destruction of that town in 1928 (during which Asaph Waite was killed), the manuscript disappeared and its current whereabouts are unknown.

That being said, the Restricted Section of the Miskatonic University Library has several pages from the Invocations. From these meagre gleanings it is clear that the work is a collection of prayers and ritual devotions seeking the intercession of Father Dagon in the worship of Great Cthulhu.

English; Asaph Waite; prior to 1851; 1d4/1d8 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +9 percentiles; 16 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Unknown

*****

Codex Maleficium

NB: This work is not to be confused with the Malleus Maleficarum, which is a witch-hunters’ manual by Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger, published in Germany in 1400 AD.

As with the Codex Dagonensis, the Codex Spitalski, and the Cthaat Aquadingen, the Codex Maleficium first appeared in northern Germany around the year 400 AD and was possibly meant to be identical with them. Scholarship has posited the notion that the book was originally written in German, or Gothic, or derived from sources in those languages: it could be that all four of these works are in fact the same book, compiled and written in four different locations and intended to be called the Cthaat Aquadingen, given that text’s mangled German (or Gothic)/Latin title. However, later amendments and additions have rendered the book unable to be reintegrated as a single volume and it now stands alone as a discrete text.

The Codex Maleficium was captured and named early after its discovery by the Inquisition and removed to the holdings of the Holy Roman Empire; it now resides within the Vatican and access to it is severely restricted. Transcriptions of the work were prepared, heavily edited and annotated, coded in the Inquisitorial Alphabet, to be used as a reference work for Vatican agents. These copies mostly refrain from outlining the ritual procedures of the text, preferring to gloss over material deemed too blasphemous for the tastes of holy warriors. Excerpts from other captured books were also included in this printing as a means of comparing, codifying and contrasting the practices of disparate heretical groups.

Like the Codex Dagonensis, the Codex Maleficium contains information on the Elder Sign, incantations designed to thwart magical summoning, the Nyhargo Dirge for dealing with the corporeal undead and several Tsathogguan rituals. Unlike any of the other related books, this is the only source for the First Sathlatta; what this incantation may do is unknown, a situation which will likely not change until the Vatican removes their restrictions of access.

(Source: The Cyprus Shell” by Brian Lumley,)

Latin; Author(s) unknown; circa. 400 AD; 1D8/1d12 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +10 percentiles; 22 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Alter Weather; Augur; Baneful Dust of Hermes Trismegistus; Barrier of Naach-Tith; Bind Enemy; Blight/Bless Crop; Call/Dismiss Dagon; Call/Dismiss Mother Hydra; Cast Out Devil; Consume Likeness; Contact Deep One; Contact Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; Contact Deity: Cthulhu; Contact Deity: Tsathoggua; Create Gate; Curse of Darkness; Detect Enchantment; Dust of Suleiman; Elder Sign; Evil Eye; Find Gate; Identify Spirit; Imprison Mind; Nyhargo Dirge; Powder of ibn-Ghazi; Summon/Bind Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; The Third Sathlatta (Banish Bugg-Shash); Unmask Demon; View Gate; Voorish Sign; Warding; Warding the Eye

Latin, in the Inquisitorial Alphabet; Vatican translator(s) unknown; the Vatican, circa. 1250 AD; 1D2/1d4 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +3 percentiles; 4 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: None; although 20% of copies will have 1D3 of the following: Augur; Baneful Dust of Hermes Trismegistus; Bind Enemy; Cast Out Devil; Curse of Darkness; Detect Enchantment; Dust of Suleiman; Find Gate; Identify Spirit; Imprison Mind; Powder of ibn-Ghazi; Unmask Demon; View Gate; Voorish Sign; Warding; Warding the Eye

*****

Codex Spitalski (aka “The Leprous Book”)

Like the Codices Dagonensis and Maleficium, the Codex Spitalski is one of several texts each of which may have been an abortive attempt to compile and publish the Cthaat Aquadingen. It is theorised that the Codex Spitalski is the earliest of these attempts.

The early movements of this manuscript are unknown; however, the work was published in an extremely abridged form by one Sören Rosenlund (under the pseudonym “Junior Philopatreias”), with additional material elaborating the evil-doings of witches, at the height of the witch hunting frenzy in Northern Europe. This edition was produced by a Copenhagen publishing house and was entitled De Spedalske Bog (“The Leprous Book”) - a warning as to the toxic virulence of its subject matter, which only served to increase interest and therefore, its distribution. The original manuscript became known thereafter as the Codex Spitalski: the word ‘spitalski’ is a mistransliteration from the Danish ‘spedalske’ which means ‘leprous’; poor scholarship assumed that the word was a family name, possibly of a previous owner, and the title stuck. The manuscript languished in the holdings of the publishing house until it passed into the hands of successive later buyers; it now resides in the Restricted Section of the Library of the University of Uppsala in Sweden.

Like the other volumes with which it is associated, the Codex Spitalski contains a series of Tsathogguan rituals, information regarding the Elder Sign, the Nyhargo Dirge which deals with the corporeal undead and some chants to prevent the effects of summoning spells. Unlike the other works, it is the only version to contain the Second Sathlatta, the effects of which are unknown.

(Source: The Cyprus Shell” by Brian Lumley,)

Latin; Author(s) unknown; circa. 400 AD; 1D6/1d10 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +9 percentiles; 22 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Alter Weather; Augur; Barrier of Naach-Tith; Bind Enemy; Blight/Bless Crop; Cast Out Devil; Clutch of Nyogtha; Consume Likeness; Contact Deep One; Contact Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; Contact Deity: Cthulhu; Contact Deity: Nyogtha; Contact Deity: Tsathoggua; Create Bad-Corpse Dust; Create Gate; Curse of Darkness; Detect Enchantment; Elder Sign; Evil Eye; Find Gate; Identify Spirit; Imprison Mind; Nyhargo Dirge; Raise Night Fog; Summon/Bind Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; The Third Sathlatta (Banish Bugg-Shash); Unmask Demon; View Gate; Warding; Warding the Eye

De Spedalske Bog

Danish; “Junior Philopatreias” (Sören Rosenlund) translator; Copenhagen, 1773; 1/1D3 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +2 percentiles; 3 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Alter Weather; Augur; Blight/Bless Crop; Elder Sign; Evil Eye; Raise Night Fog; Warding; Warding the Eye

*****

Cthaat Aquadingen

“Ye Science as practiced by a Majority of ye Prime Ones was & is & always will be that of ye Path of Light, infinitely recognized throughout Time, Space & all ye Angles as beneficent to ye Great All’s Continuation. Certain of ye Gods, however, of a rebellious Nature, chose to disregard ye Dictums of ye Majority, & in ye constant Gloom of ye Dark Path renounced their immortal Freedom in Infinity & were banished to suitable Places in Space & Time. But even in Banishment ye Dark Gods railed against ye Prime Ones, so that those Followers of ye Light Path must needs shut them Outside of all Knowledge, imposing upon their Minds certain Strictures & ye fear of ye Light Path’s Ways, & impressing into their Bodies a Stigma defying Generation; that ye Sins of ye Fathers might be carried down through Eternity & visited upon ye Children & ye Children’s Children forever; or until a Time should come as was once, when all Barriers crumble, & ye Stars & Dwellers therein, & ye Spaces between ye Stars & Dwellers therein, & all Time & Angles & Dwellers therein be falsely guided into ye ultimate Night of ye Dark Path – until ye Great All close in & become One, & Azathoth come in His golden Glory, & Infinity begin again...”

-from ‘Contacting Cthulhu in Dreams’, Cthaat Aquadingen

(Brian Lumley, The Burrowers Beneath III: Cursed the Ground)

Although inextricably linked with the three other texts mentioned above, the Cthaat Aquadingen is a far more potent beast than any of them. Scholars have theorised that the original sources for this work were composed in German, or the Gothic tongue, or by a speaker of one of those languages with a less-than-perfect facility in Latin; whichever is the true state of affairs, the Cthaat Aquadingen contains much the same information as those other texts and is the most complete of any of them in this regard.

The origin of the title is unknown: ‘aquadingen’ is a corrupt admixture of German, or the Gothic tongue, with Latin, translating roughly as “things of the water”; the word ‘cthaat’ remains undeciphered, although some scholars have tentatively suggested that it may be a word in the language of R’lyeh.

While the original manuscript of the book has been lost forever, the first printing of the work took place around the 11th or 12th Centuries AD, and, of these, it is believed that only five copies remain. One of these was rumoured to have been bound in human skin and was in the possession of Titus Crow; if this is the case then it was probably destroyed along with his house and the rest of his library. A partial transcription and a translation reside in Oakdene Sanatorium, while another copy is held at the Great Library of the Dreamlands. The British Museum has consistently denied having a copy, despite persistently re-surfacing rumours.

The Cthaat Aquadingen, as does the Codex Dagonensis, concerns itself mainly with the Deep Ones and other Mythos phenomena and spells connected to the seas and oceans. In addition, it dwells at length upon those supernatural entities known as ‘the Drowners’ - Yibb-Tstll and Bugg-Shash - including the Third Sathlatta which offers protection from the latter. The text also covers Nyarlathotep in its avatar as the ‘Small Crawler’, the Nyhargo Dirge, certain rituals to do with the Great Old One Tsathoggua, invocations to foil summoning spells, and the Elder Sign.

Of the Sathlattae, created by the Ptetholites in eons passed, the Cthaat Aquadingen contains almost all of them including - along with the Third - the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth and Ninth Sathlattae. The effects of these incantations are mostly unknown although it is reported that the Ninth “no longer works” for some reason; perhaps the majority of the others are also similarly temporally or dimensionally restricted in some fashion. The Sixth Sathlatta has a variety of uses: if chanted before sleeping it allows the chanter to contact Yibb-Tstll in dreams; if chanted by a circle of thirteen ‘adepts’ at the beginning of any calendar year it will summon that entity to our reality; if inscribed upon a wafer and eaten by an intended victim, it will summon a phenomenon known as ‘The Black’ to destroy the target. This process also requires the Hoy-Dhin Chant, which is only found in the Necronomicon, in order to be successful.

(Source: The Cyprus Shell” by Brian Lumley,)

Latin; Unknown author(s); c.11th-12th Centuries AD; 1d8/2d8 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +13 percentiles; 46 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Alter Weather; Augur; Baneful Dust of Hermes Trismegistus; Barrier of Naach-Tith; Bind Enemy; Breath of the Deep; Call/Dismiss Dagon; Call/Dismiss Mother Hydra; Cast Out Devil; Consume Likeness; Contact Deity: Cthulhu; Contact Deep One; Contact Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; Contact Deity: Nyarlathotep (as the Small Crawler); Contact Deity: Tsathoggua; Create Bad-Corpse Dust; Create Gate; Curse of Darkness; Detect Enchantment; Dust of Suleiman; Elder Sign; Find Gate; Grasp of Cthulhu; Identify Spirit; Imprison Mind; Nyhargo Dirge; Raise Night Fog; Summon/Bind Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; The Sixth Sathlatta (Contact Deity: Yibb-Tstll; Summon/Bind Yibb-Tstll; Call The Black); The Third Sathlatta (Banish Bugg-Shash); View Gate; Voorish Sign; Warding; Warding the Eye

*****

“Ghe’phnglui, mglw’ngh ghee-yh, Yibb-Tstll, Fhtagn mglw y’tlette ngh’wgah, Yibb-Tstll, Ghe’phnglui mglw’ngh ahkobhg’sh, Yibb-Tstll; THABAITE! – YIBB-TSTLL, YIBB-TSTLL, YIBB-TSTLL!”

-The Sixth Sathlatta

(Brian Lumley, “The Horror at Oakdene”)

A copy of the Cthaat Aquadingen crossed the Channel from the Low Countries during the medieval period – possibly in the hands of refugees fleeing the Black Death - and found its way into England. There, it was translated into the English idiom of the times and stored within the holdings of Durham Cathedral.

The Black Death took a higher toll amongst ecclesiastics than any other sector of the community in England and the Durham Cathedral monasteries were wiped out almost to a man. It seems that the Middle English version of the Cthaat Aquadingen disappeared during this time and its whereabouts remain unknown.

Middle English; Unknown translator; c.14th Century AD; 1d6/2d6 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +8 percentiles; 36 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Alter Weather; Augur; Baneful Dust of Hermes Trismegistus; Barrier of Naach-Tith; Bind Enemy; Breath of the Deep; Call/Dismiss Dagon; Call/Dismiss Mother Hydra; Cast Out Devil; Consume Likeness; Contact Deity: Cthulhu; Contact Deep One; Contact Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; Contact Deity: Nyarlathotep (as the Small Crawler); Contact Deity: Tsathoggua; Create Bad-Corpse Dust; Create Gate; Curse of Darkness; Detect Enchantment; Dust of Suleiman; Elder Sign; Find Gate; Grasp of Cthulhu; Identify Spirit; Imprison Mind; Nyhargo Dirge; Raise Night Fog; Summon/Bind Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; The Sixth Sathlatta (Contact Deity: Yibb-Tstll; Summon/Bind Yibb-Tstll; Call The Black); The Third Sathlatta (Banish Bugg-Shash); View Gate; Voorish Sign; Warding; Warding the Eye

Although the location of the Middle English Cthaat is a mystery, partial copies in manuscript form have turned up throughout England over the years. These usually have only the Sixth Sathlatta as the entirety of their spell complement although some have shown a bit more variety.

The best known of these copies is housed in Oakdene Sanatorium and several unfortunate episodes are on record surrounding it.

English; Unknown translator; various dates; 1d4/2d4 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +6 percentiles; 29 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: The Sixth Sathlatta (Contact Deity: Yibb-Tstll; Summon/Bind Yibb-Tstll; Call The Black); there is a 10% chance that 1D6 of the following spells will also be present: Alter Weather; Augur; Baneful Dust of Hermes Trismegistus; Barrier of Naach-Tith; Bind Enemy; Breath of the Deep; Call/Dismiss Dagon; Call/Dismiss Mother Hydra; Cast Out Devil; Consume Likeness; Contact Deity: Cthulhu; Contact Deep One; Contact Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; Contact Deity: Nyarlathotep (as the Small Crawler); Contact Deity: Tsathoggua; Create Bad-Corpse Dust; Create Gate; Curse of Darkness; Detect Enchantment; Dust of Suleiman; Elder Sign; Find Gate; Grasp of Cthulhu; Identify Spirit; Imprison Mind; Nyhargo Dirge; Raise Night Fog; Summon/Bind Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; The Third Sathlatta (Banish Bugg-Shash); View Gate; Voorish Sign; Warding; Warding the Eye

*****

“...And then shall the gate be opened, as the Sun is blotted out. Thus the Small Crawler will awaken those who dwell beyond and bring them. The sea shall swallow them and spit them up and the leopard shall eat of the flesh of Rudraprayag in the Spring.”

A version of the Cthaat Aquadingen was translated into Hindi around the time of the Indian Mutiny. This version was enhanced with a plethora of mystical predictions and some new spells, interspersing the other material. This additional material is distributed randomly amongst the other text, rendering any attempt at chronological arrangement (without hindsight) impossible. Many of the predictions involve Nyarlathotep in its various forms but this, as well, is of no use in trying to organise the material. In most other particulars, the book is the same as the English version of the Cthaat Aquadingen.

(Source: “Masks of Nyarlathotep - Kenya” by Larry DiTillio & Lynn Willis)

Hindi, in the Devanagari Script; Unknown translator; c.14th Century AD; 1d4/2d4 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +6 percentiles; 29 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Affect Weather; Barrier of Naach-Tith; Bind Enemy; Call/Dismiss Dagon; Call/Dismiss Mother Hydra; Cast Out Devil; Contact Deep One; Contact Formless Spawn of Tsathoggua; Contact Deity: Cthulhu; Contact Deity: Nyarlathotep (as the Small Crawler); Contact Deity: Tsathoggua; Create Bad-Corpse Dust; Create Gate; Curse of Darkness; Detect Enchantment; Dust of Suleiman; Find Gate; Hands of Kali; Identify Spirit; Imprison Mind; Powder of ibn-Ghazi; Elder Sign; Nyhargo Dirge; Strike Blind The Sixth Sathlatta (Contact Yibb-Tstll; Summon/Bind Yibb-Tstll; Call The Black); The Third Sathlatta (Banish Bugg-Shash); Unmask Demon; View Gate; Voorish Sign; Warding

*****

Notes on the Cthaat Aquadingen

“Many & multiform are ye dim horrors of Earth, infesting her ways from ye very prime. They sleep beneath ye unturned stone; they rise with ye tree from its root; they move beneath ye sea, & in subterranean places they dwell in ye inmost adyta. Some there are long known to man, & others as yet unknown, abiding ye terrible latter days of their revealing. Those which are ye most dreadful & ye loathliest of all are haply still to be declared.”

-Joachim Feery, 1901

Joachim Feery (died 1934) was the son of the German Baron, Ernst Kant, and, like his father, a dedicated researcher of the supernatural. Feery had a more theoretical approach to his studies however, unlike his father who died in a Westphalian asylum, claiming that a demonic entity named Yibb-Tstll had taken control of his mind.

Feery is mainly known for the series of limited edition books which he printed, each an extended commentary on a particularly notorious book of forbidden lore, with annotations and quotations. These works include The Book of Dzyan, the Cthaat Aquadingen, De Vermis Mysteriis and, most infamously, the Necronomicon. These publications have expanded the range of these hard-to-access tomes and are often utilised by hard metaphysicians where the original texts are unavailable.

A word of caution, however: while generally well-received, Feery’s books were examined by other authorities on these works and his quotations and supplementary material were found to be somewhat at odds with the original matter, if not entirely unsupported by the text. His response was that his research had been supplemented by material which had come to him in dreams. As a result, the reception of his publishing efforts has been universally cool.

(Source: “An Item of Supporting Evidence” by Brian Lumley)

German; Joachim Feery; 1901; 1D2/1D4 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +4 percentiles; 12 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: None

*****

Nyhargo Dirge

The Nyhargo Dirge is a potent ritual against undead zombies, restless skeletons and other corporeal entities forced into activity after their demise. It affects Mummies, Skeletons, Vampires, and Zombies; it has no effect upon Ghosts, Golems, Scarecrows, Werewolves, Wraiths, or the minions of Glaaki. It is equally ineffective against humans under the effects of the spells Compel Flesh, the Voodoo spell Create Zombi, Enthrall Victim, the Mi-Gos’ Hypnosis, the image created by a Remortification spell, or the target of a Soul Trap. It will destroy a corpse driven by the spell Seek Heart, and it will reverse the effects of the spells Transfer Body Part and Transfer Organ (causing the affected organs and members to cease functioning and mortify). Additionally, it will neutralise and reverse the Voodoo spell Sending of the Dead.

The Dirge requires the chanting of a very long and complex series of verses. Given this, translations or transliterations are sometimes incomplete or incorrect. If the copy of this spell that the players are about to use does not derive from either, the Codex Dagonensis, the Codex Maleficium, the Codex Spitalski or the Cthaat Aquadingen, there is a 20% chance that the verses are wrong and that the spell will not work.

The spell requires a moonless night upon which to be cast. The caster removes himself to a secluded outdoors locale and takes with them a staff, or stone (or some other similar object) and begins to chant the Dirge over this item while painting upon it the spell’s accompanying symbols in their own fresh blood (at least 1 HP’s worth). Whilst doing so, they sacrifice 2 POW.

The spell takes at least 2 hours to chant. In order to correctly chant the ritual words, the caster must roll under their INT score on 1d20. Chanting the ritual requires all of the words to be uttered in the proper order except for the last one: when the spellcaster wishes for the spell to take effect, they strike the ground with their chosen object and say this final word; the spell then comes into play:

The area of effect of the Dirge is spherical, 100 metres across, and centred at the point where the staff or stone (or other item) strikes the ground. This means that subterranean or flying undead creatures within the area are affected also. Eligible creatures within the zone are shredded into minute fragments as if caught in a bomb blast – utterly destroyed.

Caveats: only the caster of the Dirge can set it off – no-one else; if the object upon which the spell has been cast is destroyed or thrown into running water, the spell is neutralised; if the caster fails to make their INT roll, they still lose their POW and the HP’s worth of blood, and the spell doesn’t work; seeing the effects of the Nyhargo Dirge forces those so doing to lose 1D8 points of Sanity.

*****

The Sathlattae of the Ptetholites

The Ptetholites were a proto-human race which existed before the Hyperborean Age (between 900,000 and 1,000,000 years ago), the coming of which spelt their doom. Little is known of them, other than that the Hyperboreans were keen to eliminate them and that they went to great pains to do so. In the end, the Hyperborean wizard Edril Ghambiz used the Ptetholite’s own magic against them – specifically, the Sixth Sathlatta – summoning the Black to terrorise Yibb Tstll’s own worshippers.

Along with worship of this particular menace, the Ptetholites were known to offer sacrifice to Arwassa and Ithaqua, although, as in the case of Yibb Tstll, whether this was true worship or simple propitiation and manipulation is unknown. It’s likely that the Ptetholites were roughly organised into clan alliances and fought constantly among themselves. Remarkably, for such a primitive race, they developed their own form of writing, although few traces of this remain:

Early copies of the Cthaat Aquadingen contain the Sixth Sathlatta written in Ptetholite glyphs, with a Latin translation; The Kishite Recension of the Book of Eibon contains some fragments purporting to be from “the Nyahites of Ptathlia”, which may be a reference to these people. The most comprehensive collection of Ptetholite writing however, is to be found on the Broken Columns of Geph.

In the Seventies, an object known as the Phitmar Stone was unearthed. The inscriptions on this tablet are in several different forms of Ancient Egyptian writing, in a dialect dating from the Old Kingdom. Within these texts are transcriptions taken from the Broken Columns: this has some interesting implications when taken in the light of the existence of an ancient document dating from the Roman Republic: several sub-Saharan tribes known to the Romans worshipped Yibb-Tstll under the guise of “Chuma”; their worship and rituals were outlined in a – now lost – series of scrolls, written in the Egyptian Hieratic script, and known as the Chuma Scrolls.

The Chuma Scrolls

This sheaf of five scrolls contains information about the cult of Chuma amongst the sub-Saharan tribes. They are written using the Hieratic script, the ‘shorthand’ version of the Egyptian Hieroglyphs; what language they have been written in is unknown and may well be some form of sub-Saharan dialect. They contain information about contacting and summoning the god (Yibb-Tstll in his avatar as Chuma), his blood (“the Black”), and also minions, the Nightgaunts. Copies of the Chuma Scrolls were said to have been housed within the Serapeum of Alexandria and in the libraries of Carthage; if so, they have almost certainly been lost forever.

In Hieratic, in an unknown language; translated by unknown scribes from a sub-Saharan original, c.1800BC; 1D6/2D6 Sanity Loss; Cthulhu Mythos +8 percentiles; 8 weeks to study and comprehend.

Spells: “Awaken Chuma”, “Call the Black” (The Sixth Sathlatta); Summon/Bind Nightgaunt; any others the Keeper desires.

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The Sathlattae of the Ptetholites are a series of complex, multifarious rituals, each of which has several applications. Many of the Sathlattae do not seem to work – according to those who have the opportunity to attempt them – which raises some interesting speculations.

Of the Ninth Sathlatta, it is said that this ritual “no longer works”. This may mean that this particular spell, and likely some of the others, are constructed to function only in particular time periods, “when the stars are right” for instance. It may also be that the spells are dimensionally predicated: some of the Sathlattae may only work in the appropriate dimension, the Dreamlands for example, or on some other planet. Further research is obviously required.

The following list shows the various Sathlattae, the volumes in which they are found and their current status.

First SathlattaCodex Maleficium

Capabilities unknown

Second SathlattaCodex Spitalski

Capabilities unknown

Third SathlattaCodex Dagonensis; Codex Maleficium; Codex Spitalski; Cthaat Aquadingen

Banish Bugg-Shash

Fourth SathlattaCthaat Aquadingen

Capabilities unknown

Fifth Sathlatta - Cthaat Aquadingen

Capabilities unknown

Sixth Sathlatta - Cthaat Aquadingen; The Chuma Scrolls

Contact Yibb-Tstll

Summon/Bind Yibb-Tstll

Summon “The Black” (requires the Hoy-Dhin Chant from the Necronomicon)

Seventh Sathlatta - Cthaat Aquadingen

Capabilities unknown

Eighth Sathlatta - Cthaat Aquadingen

Capabilities unknown

Ninth Sathlatta - Cthaat Aquadingen

No longer works

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Confessions of the Mad Monk, Clithanus

Most likely a forced confession extracted as part of a Church investigation, this book details the doings of Clithanus, an English monk of the 5th Century. It mostly concerns an act of self-destructive curiosity on the part of Clithanus which led him to release an evil entity from imprisonment through the removal of a strange star-shaped stone from the door of its imprisoning vault. Coincidentally, St, Augustine of Hippo was in the region during these events, visiting Hydestall Cathedral, and he was able to return the creature to captivity and replace the stone, adding a Latin inscription to its surface. He then banished Clithanus to spend the rest of his days in Rome, during which time the monk penned the Confessions.

The book contains some fairly specific information regarding these events including spells to summon the entity – “the offspring of a drowned god” – another to dismiss it, and one which purports to be able to send the creature against the original summoner. However, while the metaphysical processes seem reliable, the entity itself is not definitively mentioned and may refer to several known creatures of the Mythos. Researchers are cautioned to proceed with care.

(Source: “Something from Out There” by August Derleth)

Latin; Clithanus; c.400 AD; 1d6/2d6 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +9 percentiles; 29 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Elder Sign; Summon/Dismiss Star Spawn of Cthulhu; Call Hunting Horror; Enchant Star-Stone of Mnar (does not work outside of the Dreamlands)

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The word “Ahriman” in the Book Palahvi script of ancient Persia; traditionally the name is always written upside-down.

Cthaati Kardath

This weighty tome was written by priests of a Zoroastrian cult following the teachings of the god of darkness, Ahriman. It was carried into India by the cult over several centuries of military incursion. While dedicated to the cult of Ahriman, the cult itself seems to have been a revival of an even earlier form of worship following an avatar of Nyarlathotep known as the Small Crawler. The cult was eventually ousted from the Persian homeland and put down roots in India where it became known as the Cult of the Dark Crawlers. A Roman author, Quintus Phaedrus, records the fact of the cult and claims that it was destroyed in his work Sectae Romanorum, which details the worship of gods by military forces throughout the Roman Empire.

In fact, it seems far more likely that the Cult of the Dark Crawlers was swallowed up and incorporated by various sects devoted to the worship of the goddess Kali. A copy of the book was liberated from self-proclaimed Kali worshippers at Tanjore (modern-day Thanjavur) in 1749; while that copy was written in Hindi, internal references reveal that the original book from which it was translated was first penned in Sanskrit. There are no known copies in existence written in that language and the Hindi copies all suffer somewhat from the accuracy of their translation.

The book contains a long and rambling commentary upon the aspect of Nyarlathotep known as the Small Crawler and offers spells allowing the caster to contact and summon it. It also discusses magical means to effect bodily rejuvenation; to veil the caster in shadows; to weaken opponents; and to summon demons. Many of these spells require a blood sacrifice using a cult weapon known as a Bagh Nakh in order to be effective.

It is rumoured that the British Library is now the repository for a copy of this work in Hindi which was taken out of Exeter in the 1920s; the Bodleian Library at Oxford is also similarly coy about confirming whether or not they have a copy in their holdings. Other copies have been identified over the years on the Indian Sub-continent.

(Source: “The Horror on Haldon Hill” by Rick Lippiett)

Sanskrit, in the Devanagari script; unknown author; date unknown; 1d8/2d8 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +14 percentiles; 35 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Bind Enemy; Contact Deity: Nyarlathotep (as the Small Crawler); Darkness of Kali; Healing; Summon/Dismiss Nyarlathotep (as the Small Crawler); Wither Limb

Hindi, in the Devanagari script; unknown scribe; various dates; 1d8/2d8 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +9 to +13 percentiles, depending upon the translation; 28 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: Bind Enemy; Contact Deity: Nyarlathotep (as the Small Crawler); Darkness of Kali; Healing; Summon/Dismiss Nyarlathotep (as the Small Crawler); Wither Limb

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“Darkness of Kali”

This spell takes three combat rounds to intone, costs 1d4 points of Sanity and from 2 Magic Points to a maximum of 10. When created the caster is enveloped by a dark cloud out from which they alone can see. In return for the expense of 2 Magic Points, they are then afforded the protection of a -10% reduction to any attacker’s rolls to hit them. Each further Magic Point invested protects them a further -5% up to a maximum of -50%. The Darkness only affects aimed and hand-to-hand weapons; area effect weapons are not hindered (except shotguns, which suffer no penalty to hit but only do half damage; the Darkness shields the caster from all blasts in this fashion). The caster suffers no penalties on their own attempts to attack from out of the Darkness.

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Cultes des Goules

This is a ghastly and secretive work surrounded by mystery. Its creation has been linked to a particular noble house of France; however, the exact author cannot be determined with complete accuracy. The writer published under his title, the Comte d’Erlette, ruler of titular lands near Vyonne in France. Apart from this, time, myth, censorship and a degree of mendacity have served only to muddy the waters surrounding ownership of the work. Three main contenders have been identified, but any, none, or all of them may be responsible. A look at what the book contains is warranted, before sifting the pros and cons of authorship:

Like many French novels of this era, the book begins as a comedy of manners, with a sextet of high-born individuals retiring from an outbreak of the plague to a chateau just outside Paris. The scene is set for an extended duration filled with capricious wit, sly innuendo and erotic liaisons; in this regard, the work does not disappoint. However, the book goes further: the main facilitator of the trysts in the story is an older footman, who, as the tale progresses, proves to be of ghoul extraction and leads the three couples into the nightmare world of his kind, taking them beneath Paris to a realm of depravity, murder and cannibalism. Step by step, he leads them into his debauched worship of Nyogtha and Shub-Niggurath until finally, two of them are transformed into werewolves and let loose upon the streets to be slain by a mob; two more are consumed by darkness; and the remaining pair are devoured alive by the footman and his brethren. In a final dramatic twist, the footman reveals himself to be the author of the work which the reader is perusing, the Comte d’Erlette himself! Within the storytelling are recipes for poisons and other potions; detailed descriptions of arcane rituals; recipes for cooking human flesh; and many sub-plots containing information about a multitude of other Mythos concepts. The book has been likened to the works of the Marquis de Sade - only worse - and it may well have served him as inspiration for his own material.

As to the author of the Cultes des Goules, there are three possibilities. The first is an individual known as Paul Henri d’Erlette. Little is known to corroborate his claim, apart from the fact that he lived during a plausible period of time and held the title. Family legend has it that he was a prodigious writer who never published and that he was refused Last Rites by the priest after his death-bed confession. His main claims to authorship then, are notoriety and timeliness. Amongst those who are convinced that the book was never published before being circulated amongst the nobility in manuscript form, his claim is seen as more than plausible.

The second contender is Antoine-Marie Augustin de Montmorency-les-Roches (1635 – c.1693). This titleholder was a great student and explorer in his youth, studying the history and traditions of his country, especially the regions around the Pyrenees. Putting aside his studies for life as a courtier, he became notorious for his peculiar views of religion, loosely classified as ‘anti-Catholic’. He was finally censured by Royal edict and banished from Paris for leading several court members into ‘devil worship’; according to the records of a gaol in Lyons, he – or someone using his name – died of ‘prison-sickness’ around 1693. If the Cultes des Goules is his work, then it was most likely written, but not published, around 1665 and circulated amongst the Comte’s acquaintance, to his ultimate detriment.

The final (or is he?) possibility is François-Honoré Balfour (died 1724). This highly eccentric holder of the title led a very peculiar life within the bounds of Paris; again not much is known, but he was excommunicated for “heresy” according to records in the parish of Notre Dame and attended a duel as a result of a pamphlet published about him accusing him – amongst a wide variety of other charges, including “adultery”, “simony” and the “raising of pigs on an upper storey within the City limits” – of “cannibalism”. The Comte won the duel by virtue of the fact that his accuser trod on an adder while crossing a field to begin the engagement. Balfour’s journals note that he had paid a large sum of money to publish a book in 1703; no such book has been located, but since the event fell shortly before his excommunication, whatever was printed (the Cultes des Goules, perhaps?) may have been destroyed by the Church before circulation. After this, the Comte retired from the world, going into seclusion in the Ardennes, where he lived as a virtual hermit until his death in 1724.

However the book came to be – whether printed or not – an expurgated edition was released shortly afterwards and it is this which is most often encountered, sometimes in manuscript form, translated into Italian or Spanish. Only fourteen copies of this work are currently known to exist; no-one in recent history has ever seen the original version, although there have been claims. Even here there is some doubt, as the year and publisher of this expurgated edition have been deliberately left off the publication. A later auction catalogue claimed that the edited version was produced in Rouen in 1737; however, this catalogue itself has fallen into disrepute, given that it was printed by a known forger.

Whatever the true state of affairs may be, the book is a baleful work indeed and taints all who peruse its contents. Records of the period reveal that it was known and reviled amongst the nobility and literati of the time and its connexion to the d’Erlette household caused them to flee France at the beginning of the French Revolution, changing their name to ‘Derleth’ and settling in Bavaria.

(Source: “The Suicide in the Study” by Robert Bloch)

French; “the Comte d’Erlette”; date unknown (Paris, 1703?); 1d8/2d8 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +15 percentiles; 32 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: “Rétablissez les Morts!” (Black Binding); “Parlez avec le Dieu Foncé” (Call/Dismiss Nyogtha); “Commune avec la Mère de la Terre” (Call/Dismiss Shub-Niggurath); “Parlez avec les Habitants de Tombeaux” (Contact Ghoul); “La Route à la Vie sans fin!” (Food of Life); “Reconstitution des Morts à la vie!” (Resurrection); “Comment défraîchir le membre de votre ennemi” (Shrivelling); “Rassemblez un cheval de vol” (Summon/Bind Byakhee); “Appelez les Enfants de la Mère de la Terre” (Summon/Bind Dark Young of Shub-Niggurath); “Le Symbole de l'Adepte” (Voorish Sign)

French; “the Comte d’Erlette”; expurgated version (Rouen, 1737?); 1d4/1d10 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +12 percentiles; 22 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: “Rétablissez les morts!” (Black Binding); “Parlez avec le dieu foncé” (Call/Dismiss Nyogtha); “Commune avec la Mère de la Terre” (Call/Dismiss Shub-Niggurath); “Parlez avec les habitants de tombeaux” (Contact Ghoul); “Reconstitution des morts à la vie!” (Resurrection); “Comment défraîchir le membre de votre ennemi” (Shrivelling); “Rassemblez un cheval de vol” (Summon/Bind Byakhee); “Appelez les Enfants de la Mère de la Terre” (Summon/Bind Dark Young of Shub-Niggurath); “Le Symbole de l'Adepte” (Voorish Sign)

Italian; unknown translator; date unknown; 1d2/1d8 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +9 percentiles; 18 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: One of the following: “Convochi il Dio di Nerezza” (Call/Dismiss Nyogtha); “Convochi la Madre di Terra” (Call/Dismiss Shub-Niggurath); Two of the following: “Denomini i Morti per servire” (Black Binding); “Colloquio ai Mangiatori dei Morti” (Contact Ghoul); “Porti i morti a vita” (Resurrection); “Raduni gli Alberi Ambulanti” (Summon/Bind Dark Young of Shub-Niggurath); Two of the following: “Colpisca il vostro Nemico” (Shrivelling); “Convochi una Creatura Alata” (Summon/Bind Byakhee); “Il Segno di Quello Saggio” (Voorish Sign)

Spanish; unknown translator; date unknown; 1d2/1d8 Sanity loss; Cthulhu Mythos +9 percentiles; 18 weeks to study and comprehend

Spells: One of the following: “Convoque a Dios de Brujas” (Call/Dismiss Nyogtha); “Entre en contacto con a la Madre de Tierra” (Call/Dismiss Shub-Niggurath); Two of the following: “Cree a un criado de los Muertos” (Black Binding); “Hable con los Comedores de los Muertos” (Contact Ghoul); “Traiga a los Muertos de nuevo a Vida” (Resurrection); “Llame el Árbol de Serpientes” (Summon/Bind Dark Young of Shub-Niggurath); Two of the following: “Lisie a su enemigo” (Shrivelling); “Convoque a un palo al paseo sobre” (Summon/Bind Byakhee); “Muestra del Místico” (Voorish Sign)

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Vaults of Academia:

ISINWYLL, L.N. (1985),Cladistic Incongruities in Gyaa-Yothn”, Abstracta Bestialis 91:41-43

LOCHERT, Robb (1983),Capturing the So-Called ‘London Entity’ (with Interview)”, Proceedings of the International Metaphysics Society 41:85-92

MARSH, S. Robert (1980),Chthonian Embryology and Larval Development”, Annals of the Innsmouth Society 113:7-89

MEEB, Ronno (1988),Caged Magahs Lead to a Despicable Trade”, Proceedings of the International Metaphysics Society 46:390-397

SHREWSBURY, Laban (1929),Cthulhu among the Victorians”, Miskatonic University Press, Arkham MA, USA

IBID., (1939),Cthulhu in the Necronomicon”, Miskatonic University Press, Arkham MA, USA

STANTON, Hilary (1925),Cult Artefacts in Eastern Europe”, Miskatonic University Press, Arkham MA, USA

WYDATEM, Zoranski, (1990),Categorical Imperatives and Primordality: Logical Proof in Emergence Myth”, Miskatonic University Press, Arkham MA, USA

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